CVE-2024-20654: Microsoft ODBC Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

In this blog post, we will be discussing the details of the Microsoft ODBC Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability, identified as CVE-2024-20654. This vulnerability has the potential to allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a victim's system, generally leading to data loss, user account compromise, or in severe cases, full-system compromise. Towards the end of the post, we will be providing some mitigation steps to protect your systems from this vulnerability.

About the vulnerability

CVE Identifier: CVE-2024-20654
Software: Microsoft ODBC Driver
Type of vulnerability: Remote Code Execution
Severity: Critical

Background

Microsoft ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) driver is a widely used software component that enables applications to interact with data stored in various databases. Due to this functionality, many business applications and services rely on the Microsoft ODBC driver for handling crucial data-related operations.

Vulnerability Description

The CVE-2024-20654 vulnerability appears in the Microsoft ODBC driver when it fails to properly validate user-supplied data before loading it into a database. This failure could allow an attacker to provide malicious input through an SQL query, generally leading to remote code execution.

Here is a code snippet that demonstrates the reason behind the vulnerability

// ... earlier in the code ...
ODBC_Conn_Handle conn;
// ...
SQLRETURN ret = SQLDriverConnect(conn, ...);
if (ret == SQL_SUCCESS || ret == SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO) {
    SQLHSTMT stmt;
    SQLAllocHandle(SQL_HANDLE_STMT, conn, &stmt);

    // The following line allows an attacker to provide malicious input as the SQL query
    SQLExecDirect(stmt, (SQLCHAR*)"SELECT * FROM [Users] WHERE Username = '%s' AND Password = '%s'", ...);
    // ... later in the code ...
}

Here, the SQLExecDirect() function executes the SQL query supplied as input. However, the function fails to sanitize the user-supplied input, and an attacker could exploit this vulnerability by providing a crafted SQL query.

Exploit Details

To effectively exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need to inject SQL commands into the input field of an application that uses the Microsoft ODBC driver. The attacker would typically use a method called SQL injection, where the attacker inputs data that, if not correctly handled, can be executed as part of an SQL query and potentially lead to remote code execution.

You can read more about the official vulnerability details in the Microsoft Security Advisory here: [MS-SECURITY-ADVISORY-LINK]

Mitigation Steps

Luckily, there are some mitigation steps that you can take to protect your systems from this vulnerability.

1. Update the Microsoft ODBC driver: You should promptly update your Microsoft ODBC driver version to the latest security patch provided by Microsoft. You can find the latest patches here: [MS-ODBC-DOWNLOAD-LINK]

2. Ensure proper input validation: Always make sure that your applications validate user-supplied input before it's passed to functions that interact with databases. This includes escaping special characters and recognizing malicious patterns.

3. Utilize Parameterized queries: Instead of using SQL query strings with direct user input, use parameterized queries to avoid SQL injection attacks. For example:

// Instead of using SQLExecDirect:
SQLBindParameter(stmt, 1, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, ... (SQLCHAR *)"SELECT * FROM [Users] WHERE Username = ?", -1, ...);
SQLBindParameter(stmt, 2, SQL_PARAM_INPUT, ... (SQLCHAR *)"AND Password = ?", -1, ...);
SQLExecute(stmt);

Conclusion

The CVE-2024-20654 vulnerability allows malicious actors to exploit a critical code execution vulnerability in the widely-used Microsoft ODBC driver. By taking the mitigation steps outlined in this blog post, you can help protect your systems from this vulnerability and maintain a strong security posture.

As always, stay updated with the latest security advisories and information to help keep your systems and applications secure.

If you have any questions or concerns, please feel free to reach out in the comments section below.

Timeline

Published on: 01/09/2024 18:15:48 UTC
Last modified on: 04/11/2024 20:15:11 UTC